English Root Study

Origin of Suffix -e (and its original meaning)

It is quite common that suffix -e is appended to an English noun or verb, its original meaning has been lost. Its origin can be traced back to its corresponding Latin word.

1. When the suffix -e is appended to a noun
Latin has three noun suffixes:
1) -us which is a singular masculine noun suffix. Note some Latin words ended with -us are actually originated from Greek words ended with -os, for example, Latin word cyclus (=cycle in English) is from Greek Kuklos; Latin word scopus (=scope in English) is from Greek skopos;
2) -a which is a singular feminine noun suffix
3) -um which is a singular neuter noun suffix

When a Latin noun is inherited into English (through French), these suffixes is turned into -e, whose meaning is usually lost. So -e is just a remnant of one of these Latin noun suffixes.
For example:
lucre (which means money; profit) is from Latin word lucrum where -e is from -um.
picture is from Latin word pictura where -e is from -a.

Rome is a masculine noun (note the suffix of -e). When you drive around in U. S., you will find that several real estates have names with -e appended to nouns, such as, pointe, towne, perle. Adding the suffix -e does not change the meanings of the words.

The suffix -e is also appended to an English word with Germanic origin, e.g. -e is appended to hus to make English word house to avoid it being ended with s and mistaken as a plural.

one: -e is appended to on to make it separate from the preposition on.

2. When the suffix -e is appended to a verb
Latin has verb suffixes: -are, -ere, -ire.
These suffixes become -er when Latin a verb is inherited into French, and become -en when the verb is inherited into Middle Old English and become -e when the verb is inherited into modern English. So the suffix -e in a verb is a remnant of one of these Latin verb suffixes.

For example: compute is from Latin verb computare where -e is from -are.
repute is from Latin word reputare
conclude is from Latin word concludere and
lave is from Latin word lavare, having the suffix -e avoid the word being ended with v or u.

Example of Middle Old English: maken is Middle Old English which becomes make in modern English.